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Setup for the course

Setup for the course

There are a few things you need to get working on your machine in order to follow this course. However, don’t worry as it’s all gonna be open source, won’t require a lot of storage and will be explained in detail.

Some parts and section of this course will be executable via cloud computing (click on the small rocket at the top right of the webpage to start binder), which mainly serves the puprose of making the lessons nice and easy to follow in an interactive manner. Although in general getting Python & friends to work reliably on your machine is going to be very beneficial. This holds true for the course and especially beyond. The following tools focusing open and reproducible (neuro-/data) science) will therefore not only be necessary for this course, but are curated in a way that you can build your “everyday” research workflow around them. This even applies if you won’t continue with python (I certainly hope you do) and instead work with R (of course also cool), matlab (weeeeeeeell…) or what have you.

You’ll find the (hopefully) comprehensive set of install instructions below. While not all of them might be totally necessary for the course, they all will help you a great deal going further and are especially useful/needed if we have to hold the course virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Don’t worry, you got this!

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General things

There are a few computing requirements for the course that are absolutely necessary (beyond the few software packages you should install, described below):

  1. You must have administrator access to your computer (i.e., you must be able to install things yourself without requesting IT approval).

  2. You should have at least 20 GB of free disk space on your computer (but we would recommend more, to be safe).

  3. If you are using Windows you must be using Windows 10/11; Windows 7 and 8 will not be sufficient for this course.

If you foresee any of these being a problem please reach out to one of the instructors and enquire what steps you can take to ensure your setup is ready for the course.

Required software

To get the most out of the course, we ask that you arrive with the following software already installed (software/things in () are not entirely necessary but definitely great to have):

  • A command-line shell: Bash

  • (A version control system: Git)

  • A remote-capable text editor: VSCode

  • Python 3 via Miniconda

  • (A GitHub account)

  • Discord (for communication purposes)

  • A modern web-browser

If you already have all of the above software tools/packages installed (what are you even doing here?), or are confident you’ll be able to install them by the time the course starts, you can jump straight to checking your install. The rest of this page provides more detail on installation procedures for each of the above elements, with separate instructions for each of the three major operating systems (Windows, Mac OS, and Linux).

Some quick general notes on instructions

  • There is no difference between Enter and Return in these instructions, so just press whatever the equivalent on your keyboard is whenever one is stated

  • If you already have some of these things installed on your computer already that should (theoretically) be okay. However, you need to make sure that you are able to complete the steps described in checking your install without issue.

    • For example, having multiple different Python installations on your computer can lead to incredibly frustrating issues that are very difficult to debug. As such, if you have already installed Python via some other application (not Miniconda/Anaconda), it’s strongly encouraged to uninstall it before following the instructions below. You must have Python installed via Miniconda for this course.

OS-specific installation instructions

Select the tab that corresponds to your operating system and follow the instructions therein.

Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)

  1. Search for Windows Powershell in your applications; right click and select Run as administrator. Select Yes on the prompt that appears asking if you want to allow the app to make changes to your device.

  2. Type the following into the Powershell and then press Enter:

     Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux

  3. Press Enter again when prompted to reboot your computer.

  4. Once your computer has rebooted, open the Microsoft Store and search for “Ubuntu.” Install the program labelled “Ubuntu 18.04” (not “Ubuntu 16.04” or “Ubuntu”) by clicking the tile, pressing Get, and then Install.

  5. Search for and open Ubuntu from your applications. There will be a slight delay (of a few minutes) while it finishes installing.

  6. You will be prompted to Enter new UNIX username. You can use any combination of alphanumeric characters here for your username, but a good choice is <first_initial><last_name> (e.g., jsmith for John Smith). You will then be prompted to enter a new password. (Choose something easy to remember as you will find yourself using it frequently.)

  7. Right click on the top bar of the Ubuntu application and select “Properties”. Under the “Options” tab, under the “Edit Options” heading, make sure the box reading “Use Ctrl+Shift+C/V as Copy/Paste” is checked. Under the “Terminal” tab, under the “Cursor Shape” heading, make sure the box reading “Vertical Bar” is checked. Press “Okay” to save these settings and then exit the application.

(The above step-by-step WSL instructions are distilled from here and here. If you have questions during the installation procedure those resources may have answers!)

From this point on whenever the instructions specify to “open a terminal” please assume you are supposed to open the Ubuntu application.

Bash shell

You already have it, now that you’ve installed the WSL!

Git

You already have it, now that you’ve installed the WSL!

VSCode

  1. Go to https://code.visualstudio.com/ and click the download button, then run the .exe file.

  2. Leave all the defaults during the installation with the following exception:

    • Please make sure the box labelled “Register Code as an editor for supported file types” is selected

VSCode extensions

  1. Open the Ubuntu application.

  2. Type code . into the terminal and press Enter. You should see a message reading “Installing VS Code Server” and then a new windows will open up.

  3. Press Ctrl+Shift+P in the new window that opens and type “Extensions: Install extensions” into the search bar that appears at the top of the screen. Select the appropriate entry from the dropdown menu that appears (there should be four entries; simply select the one that reads “Extensions: Install extensions”).

  4. A new panel should appear on the left-hand side of the screen with a search bar. Search for each of the following extensions and press Install for the first entry that appears. (The author listed for all of these extensions should be “Microsoft”.)

    • Python (n.b., you will need to reload VSCode after installing this)

    • Live Share (n.b., you may need to press “Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+P” and type “install extensions” again after installing this)

    • Live Share Extension Pack

    • Docker

    • Remote - WSL

Python

  1. Open a new terminal and type the following lines (separately) into the terminal, pressing Enter after each one:

     wget https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
 bash Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh

  2. A license agreement will be displayed and the bottom of the terminal will read --More--. Press Enter or the space bar until you are prompted with “Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no].” Type yes and then press Enter

  3. The installation script will inform you that it is going to install into a default directory (e.g., /home/$USER/miniconda3). Leave this default and press Enter.

  4. When you are asked “Do you wish the installer to initialize Miniconda3 by running conda init? [yes|no],” type yes and press Enter. Exit the terminal once the installation has finished.

  5. Re-open the Ubuntu application. Type which python into the terminal and it should return a path (e.g., /home/$USER/miniconda3/bin/python).

    • If you do not see a path like this then please try typing conda init, closing your terminal, and repeating this step. If your issue is still not resolved skip the following step and contact an instructor on the #help-installation channel on the BHS Slack.

  6. Type the following to remove the installation script that was downloaded:

     rm ./Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh

Python packages

Open a terminal and type the following commands:

    conda config --append channels conda-forge
    conda config --set channel_priority strict
    conda install -y flake8 ipython jupyter jupyterlab matplotlib numpy pandas scipy seaborn pingouin statsmodels plotly

Bash shell

You already have it! Depending on which version of Linux you’re running you may need to type bash inside the terminal to access it. To check whether this is necessary, follow these steps:

  1. Open a terminal and type echo $SHELL. If it reads /bin/bash then you are all set! If not, whenever the instructions read “open a terminal,” please assume you are to open a terminal, type bash, and the proceed with the instructions as specified.

Git

You may already have it; try typing sudo apt-get install git (Ubuntu, Debian) or sudo yum install git (Fedora) inside the terminal. If you are prompted to install it follow the instructions on-screen to do so.

VSCode

  1. Go to https://code.visualstudio.com/ and click the download button for either the .deb (Ubuntu, Debian) or the .rpm (Fedora, CentOS) file.

  2. Double-click the downloaded file to install VSCode. (You may be prompted to type your administrator password during the install).

VSCode extensions

  1. Open the Visual Studio Code application.

  2. Press Ctrl+Shift+P in the new window that opens and type “Extensions: Install extensions” into the search bar that appears at the top of the screen. Select the appropriate entry from the dropdown menu that appears (there should be four entries; simply select the one that reads “Extensions: Install extensions”).

  3. A new panel should appear on the left-hand side of the screen with a search bar. Search for each of the following extensions and press Install for the first entry that appears. (The author listed for all of these extensions should be “Microsoft”.)

    • Python (n.b., you will need to reload VSCode after installing this)

    • Live Share (n.b., you may need to press “Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+P” and type “install extensions” again after installing this)

    • Live Share Extension Pack

    • Docker

Python

  1. Open a new terminal and type the following lines (separately) into the terminal, pressing Enter after each one:

     wget https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
 bash Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh

  2. A license agreement will be displayed and the bottom of the terminal will read --More--. Press Enter or the space bar until you are prompted with “Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no].” Type yes and then press Enter

  3. The installation script will inform you that it is going to install into a default directory (e.g., /home/$USER/miniconda3). Leave this default and press Enter.

  4. When you are asked “Do you wish the installer to initialize Miniconda3 by running conda init? [yes|no],” type yes and press Enter. Exit the terminal once the installation has finished.

  5. Re-open a new terminal. Type which python into the terminal and it should return a path (e.g., /home/$USER/miniconda3/bin/python).

    • If you do not see a path like this then please try typing conda init, closing your terminal, and repeating this step. If your issue is still not resolved skip the following step and contact an instructor on the #help-installation channel of the BHS Slack.

  6. Type the following to remove the installation script that was downloaded:

     rm ./Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh

Python packages

Open a terminal and type the following commands:

    conda config --append channels conda-forge
    conda config --set channel_priority strict
    conda install -y flake8 ipython jupyter jupyterlab matplotlib numpy pandas scipy seaborn pingouin statsmodels plotly

Bash shell

You already have it! Depending on which version of Mac OS you’re running you may need to type bash inside the terminal to access it. To check whether this is necessary, follow these steps:

  1. Open a terminal and type echo $SHELL. If it reads /bin/bash then you are all set!

Note: If you are using Mac Catalina (10.15.X) then it is possible your default shell is NOT CORRECT. To set the default to bash, type chsh -s /bin/bash in the terminal, enter your password when prompted, and then close + re-open the terminal.

Git

You may already have it! Try opening a terminal and typing git --version. If you do not see something like “git version X.XX.X” printed out, then follow these steps:

  1. Follow this link to automatically download an installer.

  2. Double click the downloaded file (git-2.23.0-intel-universal-mavericks.dmg) and then double click the git-2.23.0-intel-universal-mavericks.pkg icon inside the dmg that is opened.

  3. Follow the on-screen instructions to install the package.

VSCode

  1. Go to https://code.visualstudio.com/ and click the download button.

  2. Unzip the downloaded file (e.g., VSCode-darwin-stable.zip) and moving the resulting Visual Studio Code file to your Applications directory.

VSCode extensions

  1. Open the Visual Studio Code application

  2. Type Cmd+Shift+P and then enter “Shell command: Install ‘code’ command in PATH” into the search bar that appears at the top of the screen. Select the highlighted entry. A notification box should appear in the bottom-right corner indicating that the command was installed successfully.

  3. Type Cmd+Shift+P again and then enter “Extensions: Install extensions” into the search bar. Select the appropriate entry from the dropdown menu that appears (there should be four entries; simply select the one that reads “Extensions: Install extensions”).

  4. A new panel should appear on the left-hand side of the screen with a search bar. Search for each of the following extensions and press Install for the first entry that appears. (The author listed for all of these extensions should be “Microsoft”.)

    • Python (n.b., you will need to reload VSCode after installing this)

    • Live Share (n.b., you may need to press “Ctrl/Cmd+Shift+P” and type “install extensions” again after installing this)

    • Live Share Extension Pack

    • Docker

Python

  1. Open a new terminal and type the following lines (separately) into the terminal, pressing Enter after each one:

     curl -O https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-MacOSX-x86_64.sh
 bash Miniconda3-latest-MacOSX-x86_64.sh

  2. A license agreement will be displayed and the bottom of the terminal will read --More--. Press Enter or the space bar until you are prompted with “Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no].” Type yes and then press Enter

  3. The installation script will inform you that it is going to install into a default directory (e.g., /home/$USER/miniconda3). Leave this default and press Enter.

  4. When you are asked “Do you wish the installer to initialize Miniconda3 by running conda init? [yes|no],” type yes and press Enter. Exit the terminal once the installation has finished.

  5. Re-open a terminal. Type which python into the terminal and it should return a path (e.g., /home/$USER/miniconda3/bin/python).

    • If you do not see a path like this then please try typing conda init, closing your terminal, and repeating this step. If your issue is still not resolved skip the following step and contact an instructor on the #help-installation channel of the BHS Slack.

  6. Type the following to remove the installation script that was downloaded:

     rm ./Miniconda3-latest-MacOSX-x86_64.sh

Python packages

Open a terminal and type the following commands:

    conda config --append channels conda-forge
    conda config --set channel_priority strict
    conda install -y flake8 ipython jupyter jupyterlab matplotlib numpy pandas scipy seaborn pingouin statsmodels plotly

Note: If the instructions aren’t working and you have spent more than 15-20 minutes troubleshooting on your own, reach out on the #help-installation channel on the Discord channel with the exact problems you’re having. One of the instructors will try and get back to you quickly to help resolve the situation. If they’re unable to help via Discord, you may be directed to attend one of the installation office hours.

GitHub account

Go to https://github.com/join/ and follow the on-screen instructions to create an account. It is a good idea to associate this with your university e-mail (if you have one) as this will entitle you to sign up for the GitHub Student Developer Pack which comes with some nice free bonuses.

Discord

Go to https://discord.com/ and download and install Discord. Please note, that you can also use Discord through your browser if you don’t want to download it. This will be the main channel of communication for the course. You will be invited to the course channel via e-mail.

Modern web browser

Install Firefox or Chrome. (Safari will also work.) Microsoft Edge is not modern, despite what Microsoft might try and otherwise tell you.

Checking your install

Now that you’ve installed everything it’s time to check that everything works as expected! Type the following into your terminal:

bash <( curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/M-earnest/Python_for_Psychologists_Winter2022/main/check_install.sh)

If you installed everything correctly you should see a message informing you as such. If any problems were detected you should receive some brief instructions on what is wrong with potential suggestions on how to remedy it. If you followed these instructions step-by-step and cannot resolve the issue please contact one of the course instructors for more help.

Yeah, you did! Great job!

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Getting the course content

Now that you have installed the required software (or not) to follow the course, it’s time to gather the respective materials.

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By installing Python on your system (i.e. specifically Conda) and setting up the appropriate environment, you will be able to open all the Jupyter Notebooks and go through the whole content of the course locally.

To get things up and running, please follow these steps:

  1. Download the environment.yml file (e.g. with right mouse click -> Save As). Make sure that the file ends with .yml and not .txt.

  2. Open up a conda terminal (or any other terminal), and create a new conda environment with the following command: conda env create -f /path/to/file/environment.yml - For example ``conda env create -f ~/Downloads/environment.yml`

  3. Download the notebooks in this repository via this link and unzip them to your preferred location, e.g. Desktop/Python_for_Psychologists_Winter2022.

  4. Next, open up a conda terminal (or any other terminal), activate the conda environment with conda activate pfp_2022 (or on older conda environment with source activate pfp_2022 for mac and linux and activate pfp_2022 for windows).

  5. Finally, via the terminal, move to the folder where you’ve put all the unzipped content of this workshop, e.g. with the command cd ~/Desktop/Python_for_Psychologists_Winter2022 and run the command jupyter notebook. If the notebook server isn’t automatically opened in a new browser window, please copy-paste either the http://127.0.0.1:8888/... or the http://localhost:8888/... path into a new browser window and press Enter. You should now see the jupyter notebook server (looking like a file browser and displaying the content of the directory).

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Binder

MyBinder.org is a great service that allows you to run Jupyter notebooks in a Docker or Python environment, directly online and for free. However, this service comes of course with a restricted computational environment (1-2GB of RAM). This means, many notebooks might be very slow and some might even crash, due to not enough memory.

You can use this approach to run and test most of the notebooks and to explore the slides. To access the MyBinder instance, use this link.

Enter the matrix

Once you reached this point, you should be ready the enter the matrix and follow the course in your preferred way. Congrats, fantastic work!

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